What we test

Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that supports immune function, bone and muscle strength, and healthy brain performance. Unlike many other vitamins, it is not commonly found in foods and is primarily produced by the body through sunlight exposure. As a result, low vitamin D levels are common, and maintaining adequate levels is important for supporting energy, mood, and long-term immune, bone, and cardiovascular health.

Your vitamin D level is within the normal range, indicating adequate support for immune health, bone strength, and overall wellbeing. This suggests your body is maintaining healthy vitamin D levels at this time.

Your vitamin D level is outside the normal range, which may affect immune function, bone health, or overall energy and mood. Levels that are lower or higher than expected are common and may benefit from follow-up with a healthcare provider to determine the best next steps.

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme primarily found in the liver that plays a role in processing nutrients and detoxifying substances. When liver cells are damaged, ALT can be released into the bloodstream, making elevated levels a helpful marker for assessing liver health.

Your ALT level is within the normal range, indicating healthy liver cell function and normal processing of nutrients and toxins. This suggests your liver is functioning as expected at this time.

Your ALT level is outside the normal range, which may indicate stress or damage to liver cells. Higher or lower than expected levels can be associated with liver inflammation, medication effects, or other health factors and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Albumin is the most abundant protein in the bloodstream and plays an important role in maintaining fluid balance and carrying nutrients throughout the body. Albumin levels within a healthy range are often used as an indicator of liver function and overall health.

Your albumin level is within the normal range, indicating healthy protein balance and effective nutrient transport. This suggests your liver function and overall health are well supported at this time.

Your albumin level is outside the normal range, which may reflect changes in liver function, nutrition status, or fluid balance. Levels that are lower or higher than expected can be associated with underlying health conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme present in the liver, bones, and other tissues that plays a role in protein breakdown and normal growth processes. Levels outside the typical range can be associated with conditions affecting the liver, bone health, or nutritional status. ALP is commonly interpreted alongside other liver markers, such as AST, ALT, and bilirubin, to provide a clearer view of liver and bone health.

Your alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level is within the normal range, suggesting healthy liver and bone activity. This indicates your body is maintaining normal enzyme function at this time.

Your alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level is outside the normal range, which may reflect changes in liver function, bone activity, or nutritional status. Levels that are higher or lower than expected are often interpreted alongside other liver tests to help guide further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Basophils make up a very small percentage of white blood cells and play a role in immune defense, particularly in responses to parasites and allergic reactions. Increased basophil activity can be associated with allergic conditions such as asthma or eczema, as well as certain autoimmune disorders.

Your basophil levels are within the normal range, indicating balanced immune signaling and typical allergic response activity. This suggests your immune system is functioning as expected at this time.

Your basophil levels are outside the normal range, which may reflect increased allergic or immune system activity. Higher or lower levels can be associated with allergies, inflammatory conditions, or immune-related disorders and may benefit from further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation produced by the liver in response to injury, infection, or chronic disease. Elevated CRP levels can indicate active inflammation in the body and are often used to assess cardiovascular risk or monitor inflammatory conditions.

Your CRP level is within the normal range, indicating low levels of inflammation in the body. This suggests a favourable inflammatory and cardiovascular risk profile at this time.

Your CRP level is outside the normal range, which may indicate active inflammation. Elevated levels can be associated with infection, injury, chronic inflammatory conditions, or increased cardiovascular risk and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Calcium levels help provide insight into symptoms related to the kidneys, bones, thyroid, parathyroid, or nervous system. Calcium is an essential mineral used by the body to build and maintain strong bones and teeth, support muscle movement, and aid in normal blood circulation.

Your calcium level is within the normal range, indicating healthy mineral balance to support bones, muscles, and nerve function. This suggests your body is maintaining calcium levels effectively at this time.

Your calcium level is outside the normal range, which may affect bone strength, muscle function, or nerve activity. Levels that are higher or lower than expected can be linked to kidney, thyroid, or parathyroid conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

This ratio reflects the balance between cholesterol particles that can contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries and protective particles that help clear excess cholesterol from the bloodstream. A higher ratio is generally linked to an increased risk of future cardiovascular events, such as heart attack or stroke.

Your cholesterol ratio is within the normal range, indicating a healthy balance between protective and plaque-forming cholesterol particles. This suggests a lower risk of cardiovascular events at this time.

Your cholesterol ratio is outside the normal range, which may indicate a higher proportion of plaque-forming cholesterol compared to protective types. This imbalance can be associated with increased cardiovascular risk and may benefit from follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Creatinine is a waste product produced as muscles use energy during both daily activities and exercise. Because muscle activity is constant, creatinine is generated at a fairly steady rate and is normally filtered out of the blood by healthy kidneys. Measuring blood creatinine is therefore an important way to assess kidney function. Levels that are higher or lower than expected may indicate kidney stress, reduced kidney function, or, in some cases, other conditions affecting muscle mass or metabolism.

Your creatinine level is within the normal range, suggesting your kidneys are effectively filtering waste from the blood. This indicates healthy kidney function at this time.

Your creatinine level is outside the normal range, which may indicate changes in kidney function or increased strain on the kidneys. Higher or lower than expected levels can also be influenced by muscle mass, hydration, or other health factors and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell involved in defending against parasitic infections, regulating immune responses, and playing a role in allergic and inflammatory conditions. They help fight pathogens by releasing enzymes and inflammatory substances, though elevated activity can also contribute to tissue irritation or damage.

Your eosinophil levels are within the normal range, suggesting balanced immune activity without excessive allergic or inflammatory response. This indicates your immune system is responding appropriately at this time.

Your eosinophil levels are outside the normal range, which may reflect increased allergic activity, inflammation, or response to certain infections. Higher or lower levels can be associated with asthma, allergies, parasitic infections, or other immune-related conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Erythrocytes are red blood cells that normally remain in the bloodstream. When they are detected in urine, a finding known as hematuria, it can indicate irritation, inflammation, or injury somewhere along the urinary tract.

Your urine erythrocyte result is within the normal range, indicating no evidence of red blood cells in the urine. This suggests healthy urinary tract and kidney function at this time.

Your urine erythrocyte result is outside the normal range, which may indicate irritation, inflammation, infection, or injury within the urinary tract. The presence of red blood cells in urine may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a calculated measure that reflects how efficiently the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood. Lower eGFR values can indicate reduced kidney function or early kidney disease, while values in a healthy range suggest normal filtering capacity. Because eGFR is affected by factors such as age and muscle mass, it is typically interpreted alongside other kidney markers like creatinine and BUN to provide a more complete picture of kidney health.

Your eGFR is within the normal range, indicating your kidneys are effectively filtering waste from the blood. This suggests healthy kidney function at this time.

Your eGFR is outside the normal range, which may suggest changes in how well your kidneys are filtering waste. Lower values can be associated with reduced kidney function and are often interpreted alongside other kidney markers, such as creatinine, to help guide further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Estradiol is the main form of estrogen in biological females and plays a key role in fertility, menstrual cycle regulation, and overall reproductive health. Measuring estradiol levels can provide insight into menopause, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hormone-producing tumors, and bone and cardiovascular health. Results may also be relevant for understanding certain hormone-sensitive conditions, such as breast or uterine health. This test is not typically performed in individuals using hormonal birth control, as these medications alter natural estradiol levels.

Your estradiol level is within the normal range, indicating hormone levels that support healthy menstrual cycle regulation and reproductive function. This suggests balanced estrogen activity at this time.

Your estradiol level is outside the normal range, which may reflect changes in estrogen production or regulation. Levels that are higher or lower than expected can be associated with menstrual cycle changes, menopause, PCOS, or other hormone-related conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body and makes it available for red blood cell production when needed. Lower ferritin levels often indicate iron deficiency or iron-deficiency anemia, which may lead to symptoms such as fatigue or hair loss and can result from low dietary intake, blood loss (including heavy menstrual periods), or reduced iron absorption. Higher ferritin levels may be linked to excess iron, chronic inflammation, or liver stress and typically require additional evaluation to determine the underlying cause.

Your ferritin level is within the normal range, indicating healthy iron stores to support red blood cell production and overall energy levels. This suggests your body is effectively managing iron at this time.

Your ferritin level is outside the normal range, which may indicate changes in your body’s iron stores. Levels that are lower or higher than expected can be associated with iron deficiency, inflammation, liver stress, or excess iron and may warrant further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Free thyroxine (Free T4) is one of the primary hormones produced by the thyroid gland. It largely serves as a precursor, with much of it being converted into T3, the more active thyroid hormone. Measuring free T4 reflects how much thyroid hormone is being produced and readily available for conversion, offering important insight into overall thyroid function.

Your free T4 level is within the normal range, indicating adequate thyroid hormone production and availability. This suggests your thyroid is supporting normal metabolic function at this time.

Your free T4 level is outside the normal range, which may indicate changes in thyroid hormone production or availability. Levels that are higher or lower than expected can be associated with underactive or overactive thyroid function and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Glucose is normally filtered and reabsorbed by the kidneys, so it is not typically present in urine under healthy conditions. When glucose appears in the urine, a condition called glucosuria, it often indicates that blood sugar levels are high enough to exceed the kidneys’ filtering capacity. This can be associated with diabetes, changes in kidney function, or broader metabolic imbalances.

Your urine glucose result is within the normal range, indicating your kidneys are effectively reabsorbing glucose and blood sugar levels are being well regulated. This suggests healthy glucose handling at this time.

Your urine glucose result is outside the normal range, which may indicate elevated blood sugar levels or changes in kidney glucose handling. The presence of glucose in urine can be associated with diabetes, kidney dysfunction, or metabolic imbalance and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Think of the “H” in HDL as healthy, helpful, and heart-supporting. HDL cholesterol helps clear excess cholesterol from the bloodstream by carrying it back to the liver for removal, which supports cardiovascular health and lowers disease risk.

Your HDL cholesterol level is within the normal range, indicating adequate levels of protective, heart-supporting cholesterol. This suggests your body is effectively helping remove excess cholesterol from the blood at this time.

Your HDL cholesterol level is outside the normal range, which may affect how efficiently excess cholesterol is cleared from the bloodstream. Lower or higher than expected levels can influence cardiovascular risk and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Hematocrit reflects the proportion of red blood cells in your blood, which play a central role in delivering oxygen throughout the body. Lower hematocrit levels are commonly associated with anemia or blood loss, while higher levels may be related to dehydration or conditions that increase red blood cell production. Monitoring hematocrit offers valuable insight into how effectively your body supports healthy oxygen delivery.

Your hematocrit level is within the normal range, suggesting a healthy balance of red blood cells to support oxygen delivery throughout the body. This indicates your blood volume and oxygen-carrying capacity are well regulated at this time.

Your hematocrit level is outside the normal range, which may affect how efficiently oxygen is delivered to your tissues. Levels that are lower or higher than expected can be linked to anemia, blood loss, dehydration, or conditions that influence red blood cell production and may benefit from further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells, responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to tissues throughout the body to support energy and organ health. Lower hemoglobin levels may point to anemia related to nutrient deficiencies, blood loss, or chronic conditions and are commonly associated with fatigue or weakness. Elevated hemoglobin levels can occur with dehydration or certain blood-related disorders.

Your hemoglobin level is within the normal range, indicating your blood is effectively carrying oxygen to support energy levels and healthy organ function. This suggests your oxygen delivery is well balanced at this time.

Your hemoglobin level is outside the normal range, which may affect how efficiently oxygen is delivered throughout the body. Levels that are lower than expected can be associated with fatigue, weakness, dehydration, or underlying health conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reflects your average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months and is commonly used to assess diabetes risk and long-term glucose management. Higher HbA1c levels indicate that blood sugar has been elevated over time, increasing the risk of heart, kidney, and nerve complications, while lower levels suggest better long-term control. Unlike a single glucose measurement, which captures blood sugar at one point in time, HbA1c provides a broader view of overall balance, making both tests useful, with HbA1c playing a key role in long-term management.

Your HbA1c is within the normal range, indicating healthy long-term blood sugar balance over the past few months. This suggests your body is effectively regulating glucose at this time.

Your HbA1c is outside the normal range, which may indicate elevated average blood sugar levels over the past few months. Higher than expected values can be associated with increased diabetes risk or challenges with glucose regulation and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Immature granulocytes are early-stage white blood cells that are typically found in the bone marrow, not the bloodstream. When present in blood, they can indicate that the body is rapidly producing immune cells in response to infection, inflammation, stress, or bone marrow activity.

Your immature granulocyte level is within the normal range, indicating typical bone marrow activity and balanced immune cell production. This suggests your immune system is functioning as expected at this time.

Your immature granulocyte level is outside the normal range, indicating abnormal bone marrow activity and imbalanced immune cell production. This suggests your immune system is not working as it should normally and may benefit from further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Ketones are molecules produced when the body breaks down fat for energy, such as during fasting, prolonged exercise, or low-carbohydrate diets. This can be a normal metabolic response. However, higher-than-expected levels of ketones in the urine (ketonuria) may also be associated with conditions like diabetes or kidney disease.

Your urine ketone result is within the normal range, indicating your body is maintaining typical energy metabolism without excess fat breakdown. This suggests balanced metabolic activity at this time.

Your urine ketone result is outside the normal range, which may reflect increased fat breakdown for energy. Elevated ketones can occur with fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, prolonged exercise, or may be associated with conditions such as diabetes or kidney disease and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

LDL cholesterol carries cholesterol from the liver to cells throughout the body. While this process is necessary, excess LDL is often referred to as “bad” cholesterol because it can build up in artery walls, forming plaque and increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. For this reason, LDL is a key marker used to assess cardiovascular risk.

Your LDL cholesterol level is within the normal range, indicating controlled levels of plaque-forming cholesterol. This suggests a more favourable cardiovascular risk profile at this time.

Your LDL cholesterol level is outside the normal range, which may increase the likelihood of cholesterol buildup in the arteries. Higher than expected levels can influence cardiovascular risk and may benefit from follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are part of the immune system and help the body respond to infection. When leukocytes are found in urine, a finding known as leukocyturia, it can indicate inflammation or immune activity within the urinary tract.

Your urine leukocyte result is within the normal range, indicating no signs of inflammation or immune activity in the urinary tract. This suggests a lower likelihood of urinary infection at this time.

Your urine leukocyte result is outside the normal range, which may indicate inflammation or immune activity in the urinary tract. Elevated leukocytes in urine are often associated with infection or irritation and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Lymphocytes are a group of specialized white blood cells, including T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, each playing a unique role in immune defense. Changes in lymphocyte levels can occur with a range of conditions and offer insight into immune system health.

Your lymphocyte levels are within the normal range, indicating balanced immune activity and healthy immune system function. This suggests your body is appropriately supporting adaptive immune responses at this time.

Your lymphocyte levels are outside the normal range, which may reflect changes in immune system activity. Higher or lower levels can be associated with infections, inflammation, immune conditions, or other underlying factors and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Magnesium is an essential mineral involved in hundreds of functions throughout the body, including supporting bone strength, maintaining a regular heart rhythm, aiding muscle function, and helping produce energy. Many adults do not get enough magnesium from their diet, making low levels relatively common. Insufficient magnesium can disrupt calcium and potassium balance and may contribute to muscle cramps, weakness, or heart rhythm issues.

Your magnesium level is within the normal range, indicating healthy mineral balance to support muscle function, energy production, and heart rhythm. This suggests your body is maintaining adequate magnesium levels at this time.

Your magnesium level is outside the normal range, which may affect muscle function, energy levels, or heart rhythm. Levels that are lower or higher than expected can disrupt mineral balance and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) reflects the average amount of hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen, contained in each red blood cell. Lower MCH levels are commonly associated with iron deficiency anemia, while higher levels may suggest a vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.

Your MCH is within the normal range, indicating your red blood cells contain an appropriate amount of hemoglobin to support effective oxygen transport. This suggests healthy red blood cell composition at this time.

Your MCH is outside the normal range, meaning your red blood cells contain more or less hemoglobin than expected. This can be linked to nutrient deficiencies, anemia, or other conditions that affect red blood cell production and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) reflects the average amount of hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein, within each red blood cell. Lower MCH levels are often associated with iron deficiency anemia, which may lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, or pale skin, while higher levels can suggest a vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Assessing MCH helps clarify the type of anemia present and supports appropriate treatment decisions.

Your MCH is within the normal range, indicating your red blood cells contain a healthy amount of hemoglobin to support efficient oxygen delivery. This suggests your red blood cell function is well balanced at this time.

Your MCH is outside the normal range, meaning your red blood cells contain more or less hemoglobin than expected. This can be associated with different types of anemia, nutrient deficiencies, or other conditions and may help guide further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) measures the average size of your red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. Red blood cells that are smaller than normal are commonly associated with iron deficiency anemia or thalassemia (a type of genetic disease that affects how your body makes red blood cells), while larger cells may suggest vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, liver disease, or other underlying conditions. Because red blood cell size provides important insight into oxygen delivery, MCV is a key marker for identifying the cause of anemia and related symptoms such as fatigue or weakness.

Your MCV is within the normal range, indicating your red blood cells are an appropriate size to support efficient oxygen delivery. This suggests your body is maintaining healthy red blood cell production at this time.

Your MCV is outside the normal range, meaning your red blood cells are smaller or larger than expected. Changes in red blood cell size can be linked to nutrient deficiencies, anemia, or other underlying conditions and may help guide further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Monocytes are white blood cells that play an important role in immune defense, inflammation control, and tissue repair. They can mature into macrophages or dendritic cells, helping the body fight infections, remove cellular debris, and support healing.

Your monocyte levels are within the normal range, indicating balanced immune activity and healthy support for inflammation control and tissue repair. This suggests your immune system is functioning as expected at this time.

Your monocyte levels are outside the normal range, which may reflect changes in immune activity or inflammation. Higher or lower levels can be associated with infection, recovery from illness, inflammatory conditions, or other underlying factors and may benefit from further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Neutrophils are the most common type of white blood cell and serve as a first line of defense against infection by identifying and breaking down harmful microbes. They are made in the bone marrow and quickly move to areas of infection or injury in response to inflammatory signals. Neutrophil levels that are higher (neutrophilia) or lower (neutropenia) than normal can offer insight into infection, inflammation, or bone marrow health.

Your neutrophil levels are within the normal range, indicating your immune system is well equipped to respond to infections and inflammation. This suggests healthy white blood cell production and immune function at this time.

Your neutrophil levels are outside the normal range, which may reflect changes in how your immune system is responding. Higher or lower levels can be associated with infection, inflammation, stress, or bone marrow activity and may benefit from further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Nitrites in urine can appear when certain bacteria in the urinary tract convert naturally occurring nitrates into nitrites. Because nitrites are not typically found in healthy urine, their presence can signal bacterial activity within the urinary tract and is commonly used as a marker for urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Your urine nitrite result is within the normal range, indicating no evidence of nitrite-producing bacteria in the urinary tract. This suggests a lower likelihood of a urinary tract infection at this time.

Your urine nitrite result is outside the normal range, which may indicate the presence of bacteria in the urinary tract. A positive nitrite result is often associated with urinary tract infections and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider for further evaluation.

Non-HDL cholesterol represents the total amount of cholesterol in the blood that can contribute to plaque buildup and cardiovascular risk. Higher levels are often seen alongside elevated triglycerides, lower HDL cholesterol, and conditions such as insulin resistance or diabetes.

Your non-HDL cholesterol level is within the normal range, indicating lower levels of plaque-forming cholesterol in your blood. This suggests a more favourable cardiovascular risk profile at this time.

Your non-HDL cholesterol level is outside the normal range, which may indicate higher levels of plaque-forming cholesterol in the blood. Elevated values are often associated with triglyceride imbalances, insulin resistance, or increased cardiovascular risk and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Nucleated red blood cells are immature red blood cells that normally remain in the bone marrow until fully developed. Their presence in the bloodstream can signal increased red blood cell production due to stress, oxygen deprivation, or bone marrow conditions.

Your nucleated red blood cell result is within the normal range, indicating healthy red blood cell development and normal bone marrow function.

Your nucleated red blood cell level is outside the normal range, which may reflect stress on red blood cell production or reduced oxygen delivery. This finding may be associated with underlying illness or bone marrow activity and may warrant further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Phosphate is a mineral that plays a key role in bone strength, energy production, and muscle and nerve function. It works closely with calcium and vitamin D to maintain healthy bones and support cellular activity throughout the body.

Your phosphate level is within the normal range, indicating balanced mineral levels to support bone health, energy metabolism, and muscle function.

Your phosphate level is outside the normal range, which may affect bone strength, energy levels, or muscle and nerve function. Abnormal levels can be associated with kidney function, hormonal balance, or nutritional status and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Platelet count reflects the number of platelets in your blood - small cells that play a key role in clotting and wound healing. Lower platelet levels (thrombocytopenia) can increase the likelihood of bruising or bleeding, while higher levels (thrombocytosis) may indicate increased clotting activity. This marker offers valuable insight into overall clotting function and can also provide clues about conditions such as anemia, infection, or the effects of certain medications.

Your platelet count is within the normal range, indicating healthy clotting function and normal support for healing. This suggests your body is effectively maintaining balance in blood clot formation at this time.

Your platelet count is outside the normal range, which may affect how your blood clots and heals. Levels that are lower or higher than expected can be associated with bruising, bleeding, increased clotting activity, or underlying conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Prolactin is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. In females, it supports breast development, is essential for milk production after childbirth, and also plays a role in regulating the menstrual cycle. Measuring prolactin levels can help clarify causes of irregular periods, fertility challenges, or unexpected milk production. Levels outside the typical range may suggest pituitary-related issues, PCOS, or other hormonal imbalances.

Your prolactin level is within the normal range, indicating balanced hormone signaling related to reproductive and menstrual health. This suggests prolactin is functioning as expected at this time.

Your prolactin level is outside the normal range, which may influence menstrual regularity, fertility, or milk production. Higher or lower than expected levels can be associated with pituitary or hormonal imbalances and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Protein is normally filtered and reabsorbed by the kidneys, which means healthy urine contains little to no detectable protein. When higher amounts of protein are present, a condition known as proteinuria, it can indicate stress on the kidneys or possible kidney damage.

Your urine protein result is within the normal range, indicating your kidneys are effectively filtering and reabsorbing protein. This suggests healthy kidney function at this time.

Your urine protein level is outside the normal range, which may indicate stress or changes in kidney function. Elevated protein in the urine can be associated with kidney injury, inflammation, or other underlying conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Glucose is the body’s primary source of energy, supplying fuel to cells throughout the day. Measuring glucose levels can help detect early imbalances such as prediabetes or diabetes, allowing for earlier intervention. Elevated glucose may indicate reduced insulin effectiveness and, over time, can impact the heart, nerves, and kidneys. Low glucose levels can also cause symptoms if not addressed, making glucose an important marker of overall metabolic health.

Your glucose level is within the normal range, indicating balanced blood sugar and effective energy regulation. This suggests your body is managing glucose well at this time.

Your glucose level is outside the normal range, which may indicate changes in how your body is regulating blood sugar. Levels that are higher or lower than expected can be associated with insulin resistance, diabetes risk, or symptoms related to low blood sugar and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Red blood cell (RBC) count reflects how effectively your blood delivers oxygen throughout the body, which is critical for energy and normal daily function. RBC levels that are too low or too high can be associated with a range of health conditions, reduced quality of life, and increased oxidative stress, offering important insight into both overall wellness and potential disease.

Your red blood cell count is within the normal range, indicating your body is effectively transporting oxygen to support energy levels and everyday function. This suggests your oxygen-carrying capacity is well balanced at this time.

Your red blood cell count is outside the normal range, which may affect how efficiently oxygen is delivered to your tissues. Levels that are higher or lower than expected can be linked to fatigue, changes in physical performance, or underlying health conditions and may benefit from further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Red cell distribution width (RDW) reflects how much variation there is in the size of your red blood cells. Higher RDW values indicate greater differences in cell size, which may be associated with nutrient deficiencies such as iron, vitamin B12, or folate, certain forms of anemia, or other underlying conditions. RDW is most informative when interpreted alongside other blood markers, like hemoglobin and MCV, to help identify the cause of anemia and related symptoms such as fatigue or weakness.

Your RDW is within the normal range, indicating your red blood cells are relatively consistent in size. This suggests healthy red blood cell production and balance at this time.

Your RDW is outside the normal range, meaning there is more variation in red blood cell size than expected. This can be associated with nutrient deficiencies, certain types of anemia, or other underlying conditions and is often best interpreted alongside other blood markers with a healthcare provider.

Sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) is a protein produced by the liver that helps regulate how much estrogen and testosterone are available for the body to use. In females, SHBG plays an important role in hormone balance and can influence fertility, menstrual regularity, and symptoms related to conditions such as PCOS or excess hair growth (hirsutism). Measuring SHBG offers valuable insight into hormone health, especially when there are signs of androgen (male hormones) excess, irregular cycles, or unexplained symptoms.

Your SHBG level is within the normal range, indicating balanced regulation of estrogen and testosterone. This suggests healthy hormone availability and overall hormone balance at this time.

Your SHBG level is outside the normal range, which may affect how much estrogen or testosterone is available for the body to use. Levels that are higher or lower than expected can influence hormone balance, menstrual regularity, or symptoms related to androgen excess and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Urine specific gravity reflects how concentrated or diluted urine is compared to water, offering insight into hydration status and kidney function. Values that are higher or lower than expected can be associated with dehydration, kidney stones, or changes in how well the kidneys are concentrating urine.

Your urine specific gravity is within the normal range, indicating appropriate hydration and healthy kidney concentration function. This suggests your kidneys are effectively balancing fluids at this time.

Your urine specific gravity is outside the normal range, which may reflect dehydration, overhydration, or changes in kidney concentration ability. Values that are higher or lower than expected can be influenced by fluid intake or kidney function and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Testosterone is a sex hormone that plays a role in energy, mood, sex drive, bone and muscle strength, and overall hormone balance. Total testosterone measures the full amount of testosterone circulating in the blood, while free testosterone represents the smaller, active portion available for the body to use. Reviewing both values together provides a more complete picture of hormone health and can help explain symptoms such as low energy, mood changes, shifts in libido, or conditions like PCOS.

Your testosterone levels are within the normal range, indicating balanced hormone levels to support energy, mood, and muscle and bone health. This suggests healthy testosterone availability at this time.

Your testosterone levels are outside the normal range, which may affect energy, mood, libido, or muscle and bone health. Higher or lower than expected levels can be influenced by hormonal imbalances or underlying conditions and may benefit from follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is produced by the pituitary gland and signals the thyroid to release the hormones T4 and T3. Because TSH levels increase when thyroid hormone levels are low and decrease when they are high, measuring TSH is one of the most effective ways to evaluate whether the thyroid is underactive, overactive, or functioning normally.

Your TSH level is within the normal range, indicating balanced thyroid hormone signaling. This suggests your thyroid is functioning normally at this time.

Your TSH level is outside the normal range, which may indicate that the thyroid is underactive or overactive. Changes in TSH are often interpreted alongside T4 and T3 levels to help guide further evaluation with a healthcare provider.

Total bilirubin measures the combined amount of bilirubin in the blood, a yellow pigment produced when old red blood cells are broken down. Under normal conditions, the liver processes bilirubin so it can be eliminated from the body. Measuring total bilirubin offers a general view of liver function and can help identify liver disease, bile duct issues, or other metabolic concerns.

Your total bilirubin level is within the normal range, indicating your liver is effectively processing and clearing bilirubin from the body. This suggests healthy liver and bile flow function at this time.

Your total bilirubin level is outside the normal range, which may suggest changes in how bilirubin is being processed or cleared. Higher or lower than expected levels can be associated with liver function changes, bile duct issues, or red blood cell breakdown and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Cholesterol is made by the liver and plays an essential role in the body, including hormone and vitamin D production, cell membrane structure, and brain health. Total cholesterol reflects the overall amount of cholesterol circulating in the blood, including both protective and potentially plaque-forming types.

Your total cholesterol level is within the normal range, indicating a balanced mix of cholesterol types in your blood. This suggests your body is effectively supporting essential functions while maintaining cardiovascular health at this time.

Your total cholesterol level is outside the normal range, which may reflect an imbalance between protective and plaque-forming cholesterol types. Levels that are higher than expected can be associated with changes in cardiovascular risk and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

When we eat, excess calories, especially from carbohydrates and sugars, are converted into triglycerides and stored in the liver and fat cells for later energy use. Elevated triglyceride levels are commonly associated with diets high in refined carbs and sugars, low physical activity, and insulin resistance, all of which can increase the risk of heart disease.

Your triglyceride level is within the normal range, indicating healthy fat metabolism and balanced energy storage. This suggests your body is effectively managing excess calories at this time.

Your triglyceride level is outside the normal range, which may indicate changes in how your body processes and stores energy. Higher levels are often linked to diet, physical activity, insulin resistance, or increased cardiovascular risk and may benefit from follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Urate, or uric acid, is a waste product formed when the body breaks down purines, substances found in certain foods and cells. It is normally filtered out by the kidneys. Elevated urate levels can contribute to gout or kidney stones, while low levels are less common but can also reflect metabolic changes.

Your urate level is within the normal range, indicating healthy breakdown and elimination of uric acid. This suggests balanced metabolism and kidney handling at this time.

Your urate level is outside the normal range, which may increase the risk of gout, kidney stones, or reflect changes in metabolism or kidney function. Elevated or low levels may benefit from follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient needed for red blood cell production, nerve function, and DNA synthesis. Adequate B12 levels support energy, brain health, and healthy blood formation. Low levels are relatively common and can result from dietary intake, absorption issues, or certain medical conditions.

Your vitamin B12 level is within the normal range, indicating adequate support for red blood cell formation, nerve health, and energy production.

Your vitamin B12 level is outside the normal range, which may affect nerve function, energy levels, or red blood cell production. Low levels can be influenced by diet, absorption, or underlying health conditions and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

White blood cells are a key part of the immune system, helping the body respond to infections, inflammation, and other challenges. Having a white blood cell count within a healthy range supports immune strength, while levels that are too low or too high may point to underlying health concerns

Your white blood cell count is within the normal range, suggesting your immune system is functioning as expected. This indicates your body is well equipped to respond to everyday infections and inflammatory stress.

Your white blood cell count is outside the normal range, which may indicate changes in how your immune system is responding. Levels that are higher or lower than expected can be linked to infection, inflammation, stress, or other underlying factors and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.

Urine pH indicates how acidic or alkaline the urine is and plays an important role in maintaining the body’s overall acid–base balance. Urine pH values outside the typical range can increase the risk of kidney stone formation or suggest metabolic or dietary imbalances that may require further attention.

Your urine pH is within the normal range, indicating balanced acid–base regulation. This suggests your body is maintaining a healthy urinary environment at this time.

Your urine pH is outside the normal range, which may increase the risk of kidney stones or reflect dietary or metabolic imbalances. Values that are higher or lower than expected can be influenced by diet, hydration, or underlying health factors and may warrant follow-up with a healthcare provider.